The Spread Of Christianity And Western Europe - 1637 Words

The spread of Christianity in Western Europe was both similar and different to the spread of Islam. The rise of Islam starts with the Prophet Muhammad, believed by Muslims (followers of Islam) to be the last in a line of prophets that includes Moses and Jesus. Because Muhammad was the chosen one to be the messenger of the word of God, Muslims from all around the world work to follow the example he set. For Muslims after the Qur an (their bible), the sayings and teachings of Muhammad and the descriptions of his way of life are the most important Muslim texts. On the other hand, Christianity developed out of Judaism in the 1st century C.E. â€Å"It is founded on the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, and those who follow him are called Christians.† â€Å"Christianity has many different branches that accompany a variety of beliefs and practices.† The three major branches of Christianity are Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Protestantism, al l of which have several smaller categories within each of these branches. Both of these religions share several views and ideas, but they also have their differences. First off, the beginning of Islam starts with the Prophet Muhammad. When he was about forty, Muhammad began having visions and hearing voices. While looking for an explanation for this, he would sometimes meditate at Mount Hira, near Mecca. During one of these meditation sessions, the â€Å"Archangel Gabriel† appeared to him and told him to recite in theShow MoreRelatedThe Rise of the Papacy Essay1637 Words   |  7 Pagesthe sixth century and continuing to the reformation in the ninth century. It is the aim of this paper to explain how and why the papacy in Rome became the center of power of the medieval world, the factors contributing to this dominance over Western Europe, and the positive and negative ramifications of the position becoming so powerful. Through this paper you will discover how papacy was able to fill the vacuum of power left by the fall of an empire. THE HOW AND WHY When the RomanRead MoreChristianity And The Rise Of Christianity1395 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity is the historical religion stemming from the teachings of Jesus Christ in the 1st century AD. â€Å"Of all the great religions Christianity is the most widespread and has the largest number of adherents.† It is the world’s largest and most influential religion in history. Christianity can be found on every corner of the globe with nearly two billion followers at the beginning of the 21st century. It is the predominant religion in Europe, the Americas, and Southern Africa. This religion basedRead MoreJustinian And The Byzantine Empire1568 Words   |  7 Pagescontrolled land and influence over groups in Europe and Asia. He also contributed to the spread of Christianity both within the Byzantine Empire and without. Finally, Justinian preserved Roman laws for the Byzantine Empire and other European systems of government. Justinian’s successful emulation and revival of the Roman Empire through his beautification and improvements on Constantinople and other parts of the Byzantine Empire, strong support of Christianity and role in its growth as a major religionRead MoreThe Between Roman Empire And Christianity851 Words   |  4 Pages(1) Describe the interrelation between the Roman Empire and Christianity by examining the following: (a) Emperor Constantine (b) The Latin Language (c) Church Ritual. The Roman Empire was extremely instrumental in the growth and spread of Christianity. It was already about 400 years old at the birth of Jesus Christ, the founder of the Christian faith, and directly influenced his life. The Roman Empire saw the growing Christian cult as threat, and ordered the crucifixion of Jesus. The followersRead MoreConstantine s Edict Of Milan854 Words   |  4 Pagesthe printing press, and Martin Luther’s Ninety-five Theses forever changed the landscape of Western Civilization. Who knows where Western Civilization would be without these great â€Å"hinges† of history. In 313 CE, Constantine passed the Edict of Milan. This edict declared the freedom of everyone in the Roman Empire to choose their own religion. He neither made polytheism illegal nor did he make Christianity the official religion of Rome. Instead, to placate both pagans and Christians, both were acceptableRead MoreAncient Islamic Worlds And The Medieval Period1434 Words   |  6 Pagesa large scale thing for example the religions that were popular spread but also physical trading routes that made trading a lot easier too. The easier something was to trade and to understand would determine how far it got and how the impact was. Trading also different even throughout individual civilizations, were language, religion and other different physical things were traded. After Muhammad died, the land in which he spread his teaching went through a trade in both physical and mental thingsRead MoreModel Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations1304 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion: With the collapse of the classical civilizations, post-classical civilizations arose shortly thereafter. Compare the factors that led to the rise post-classical civilizations from 500 CE to 1200CE between two of the following regions- Europe, East Asia, Africa or the Middle East. Model Essay Comparison Essay Post-Classical Civilizations With the collapse of the Roman, Gupta and Han empires, the world was left in a period of chaos with little structure in most areas. However afterRead MoreIslam And Sufism718 Words   |  3 Pagesof Afro-Eurasia. However, they remained politically fractured. In 1258 the Mongols sacked Baghdad and the Muslim leaders were unable to reunite after their collapse. Islam spread too far and was unable to maintain political unity. It had contact and conflicts with many neighbors. Sufism was decisive in the spread of Islam. It was a highly mystical and communal religion. These mystics sought closer union with God and performed ecstatic rituals such as repeating over and over again theRead MoreWhat Was The Importance Of Charlemagnes Imperial Coronation?1735 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact on Western Europe during the early middle ages. Charles the Great enquired many tittles while alive such as King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Holly Roman Emperor from 800 (Latowsky, 2013). People have knowledge of Charles the Great because of these tittles but lack the details of why his legacy lives on. This essay will look at the importance of Charles the Great’s imperial coronation when becoming Emperor of Rome and the affects it had on Western Europe during thisRead MoreThe Crusades and Their Failure to Spread the Message of the Church and Chritianity 1011 Words   |  5 PagesThe Crusades, starting in the eleventh century, were attempts by the Western Church to rid Europe of the new formulated and invading Muslims. Many Crusades had transpired over the centuries, including both a children’s and peasant’s crusade, in attempt to keep the new religious threat at bay. Many popes, kings, and rulers spent a great deal of money, time, and effort into these wars, but many ended up failing in their original purposes. However, much can be said about the success of these crusades

Ethics Of Cheating Essay - 752 Words

Cheaters Never Win, Oh wait they do†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦they’re Cheaters Cheating is defined in the dictionary as, to deceive by trickery; swindle, however the dictionary fails to tell you if it is right or wrong to cheat. People have many different beliefs when it comes to cheating; some think its fine to do while others completely disapprove. I intend to show the different beliefs, from different perspectives of people, and also intend on proving which beliefs have the strongest and weakest arguments. An ethical egoist could argue that we have an obligation to cheat. Ethical egoists maintain the belief that we should act selfishly. We should do things that we believe in our self-interest, which is our own genuine interest. Egoist would cheat to†¦show more content†¦A cheater would not be regarded as a good person but rather, a bad person and a liar. A utilitarian would probably agree with cheating. Utilitarianism believes that morals are based on the happiness or misery of people. If a person cheated and got an A on the test, they would obviously be happy. Utilitarians also have the tendency to look at the short-term affects of a situation. For example, cheating would result in an A, however the broad perspective is that nothing would be learned, or if they were to get caught cheating they would fail, therefore in actuality they are not benefiting at all. Deontology on the other hand would argue that you should not cheat. Deontology assumes that we all have clear sets of duties that we ought to obey, these are given to us from God or our own reason. Therefore cheating is obviously wrong, so you ought not to cheat. Deontology believes that you have a set of duties that you follow. In deontological ethics, an action is considered morally good because of some characteristic of the action itself, not because the result of the action is good. Of the three approaches to ethics that are mentioned above I think that the egoists support of cheating makes the best argument. Although, I personally do not believe in cheating I do think that egoist do justify the act of cheating. Egoists feel that we should put our selves before all others and that we should do what makes us happy. They feel that whateverShow MoreRelatedEssay Ethics of Cheating735 Words   |  3 PagesCheaters Never Win, Oh wait they doÂ…Â…Â…theyre Cheaters Cheating is defined in the dictionary as, to deceive by trickery; swindle, however the dictionary fails to tell you if it is right or wrong to cheat. People have many different beliefs when it comes to cheating; some think its fine to do while others completely disapprove. I intend to show the different beliefs, from different perspectives of people, and also intend on proving which beliefs have the strongest and weakest arguments. An ethicalRead MorePersonal Ethics : An Ethical Person? Cheating On Taxes, Exams, Relationships948 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Ethics: What does it mean to be an ethical person? Cheating on taxes, exams, relationships, etc., seems to be rampant. Is this a problem? Why or why not? Personal ethics is the generally accepted principles or practices of right and wrong governing the conduct of individuals. To be simple, personal ethnic is the internal guide that tells us what is right and wrong. They drive our actions and emotions on o daily basis. Some people may be appearing similar set of personal ethics, but someRead MoreEssay on What is Cheating and Why Cheating is Bad?1219 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction - What is Cheating and Why Cheating is Bad? In this paper, we discuss how academic dishonesty in general and what role if any, the structure and teaching of courses – as a part of business management curriculum in particular – plays, in curbing that dishonesty. Cheating can be defined as any act of academic dishonesty and is encountered in various forms. There has been extensive research [Whitley, 1998] to analyze fraudulent exercises- especially in undergraduate school setting. 72%Read MoreAcademic Plagiarism And Academic Dishonesty932 Words   |  4 PagesForgetting to study can cause those who would not usually cheat to stoop low and look at someone else s work. Some students rely on cheating to make their way through high school or college. Academic dishonesty is a way lazy students take advantage of hard working students. Whether the academic dishonesty is caused because of the lack of preparation, a poor work ethic, or by having a poor home life; it usually leads to violating academic dishonesty school policies and leading to short term and longRead MoreIs Cheating Ethical1654 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Many people tend to equate ethics with their feelings. But being ethical is clearly not a matter of followings one’s feelings. Ethics, however, cannot be confined to religion nor is it the same as religion. Being ethical is not the same as following the law. The law often incorporates ethical standards to which most citizens subscribe. But laws, like feelings, can deviate from what is ethical. Finally, being ethical is not the same as doing â€Å"whatever society accepts.† In any societyRead MoreIs it Ethical? Essay1465 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophical/ethical communities. When thinking about higher education and the role ethics play on the individuals, many psychologists and other professions have considered whether or not universities are capable of creating ethical individuals, or if students develop their ethics before coming to college. Many people believe that universities are responsible for creating moral/ethical individuals, but I am going to argue that ethi cs within the individual form before entering college. Universities and collegesRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics For Education917 Words   |  4 PagesMy area of study is in education. The code of ethics for education falls into three different categories, ethical conduct towards the students, ethical conduct practices, and ethical conduct towards colleagues. Educators have a moral responsibility to have a learning environment that fulfills and helps their students reach their full potential. According to the Code of Educators, â€Å"The professional educator accepts personal responsibility for teaching students character qualities that will help themRead MoreWhat Makes A Good Person?933 Words   |  4 Pagesconfronted about cheating or considering cheating you would judge not by the consequences of it but by the morality of the act itself. You would be judged and questioned about your moral character. Moral character is the person you think you are and the person you’re aspire d to be. This is the main element of virtue ethics. Virtue ethics focuses on specific qualities that make a good person. Also, what thrives and contributed to lead a successful life. Compared to utilitarian, virtue ethics doesn’t needRead MoreEthics in Academics1315 Words   |  6 PagesEthics In An Academic Environment Attending The University of Phoenix, we are required in Gen 300 to write a research paper on Ethics In An Academic Environment. In this research paper, you will be able to understand the ethics and environment and how they both are in our everyday surroundings. We will also explain how Ethics in an Environment affects everyone on a day-to-day basis whether good or bad. Ethics in an Academic Environment plays a very important part of our lives. Ethics is theRead MoreThe Ethical Journey Of Views Of College Students891 Words   |  4 Pagesand how is cheating or academic dishonesty viewed by the American people. What are ethics and how they do apply to the college student, and how does the college student s apply it to the world. Ethics has many meanings but for this period of instruction according to the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy it is described as: (moral philosophy) involves systematizing defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong (Encyclopedia). Most students learn this from an early age, cheating is not tolerated

Lan Proposal Essay Example For Students

Lan Proposal Essay Barrett Barrett Advertising NJ is the newly established satellite office of Barrett Barrett Advertising CA. Due to their increasing number of East Coast clientele, they have opened a satellite office to accommodate that business. B B Advertising currently employs 56 people, 5 of which will transfer to the NJ office upon final renovations. Although a small outfit by number, gross sales for fiscal year 1998 exceeded $18,000,000.00. B B CAs current computer usage is significantly high. Their need for efficient graphic capability requires them to maintain state of the art software and hardware. However B B has stressed that user friendliness is a higher priority. B B NJ poses the need for a small-scale local area network, to be tied into its parent company in California. The California office already has a LAN in place and operational. Their principal need for the LAN in NJ will be to transfer ad proposals to the California office and back via electronic mail. As requested by B B, new equipment will be purchased for the NJ satellite office. In the probable event that B Bs clientele increases, all equipment will be relocated and reused, with minimal loss (i.e. cabling costs). Located on the third floor of 1113 Industry Way, its architecture presented ease for a networking situation. The office space is one floor with the dimensions of the 28 feet in width and 50 feet in length. The suite is divided into four offices (12 feet 6 inches by 15 feet 6 inches), a conference room (15 feet by 10 feet 6 inches), a LAN room (12 feet 6 inches), and a common area. All of these sub-divisions contain drop ceilings 12 feet high, which will create ease of laying network cables, as phone lines have already been laid during renovations. The floor plan attached will ease in understanding dimensions and phone/drop placement. The first step of implementing the network involves running 2 drops to each of the offices and LAN room and 1 to the conference room. The hub will be located in a small room dedicated to LAN equipment. This room was designed in that location for centrality as well as keeping the aesthetics of the suite, which was of particular concern for B B. The entire suite will be cabled with category 5 twisted pair wire. Wall faceplates to include both drops and a phone jack will be installed in each room. As can be expected, the physical cost to install these 11 drops is minimal, the labor is the majority of this expense:Office # # of Drops $ Horizontal Run $ Vertical Run $ Total 1 2 29.77 24.64 22.412 2 38.23 24.64 62.873 2 30.67 24.64 55.31 4 2 38.59 24.64 63.23LAN Rm. 2 27.43 0.00 27.43 Conf. Rm. 1 30.85 24.64 55.49*Labor 11 24 hr $79/hr 1896.00Total cost of running drops 2182.74Fast Ethernet was the protocol of choice. The California office currently uses standard Ethernet, but is upgradin g to Fast Ethernet and requested we do the same to make employee transition as simple as possible. Fast Ethernet runs at speeds of 100 Mbps. The wiring is a higher quality than the Category 3 normally used by Ethernet, therefore is a bit more expensive, but a worthy advantage. Fast Ethernet defines a star topology. There are many advantages in designing a LAN based on a star topology. It allows expansion to the existing LAN without effort or disruption. Troubleshooting, repair, and maintenance can be accomplished to a failed node without holding up or disrupting work on other nodes. Hardware plays an important role in reliability of a network. Each workstation is to be custom ordered from Dell. Each office will house a Dell computer with the following options:400 MHz Pentium II Processor128 MB RAM10.6GB Hard Drive3 COM 10/100 Combo CardDVD-ROM8 MB Video Card17 MonitorInternal Zip DriveIn addition each office will have its own Hewlett Packard LaserJet 4000N due to heavy printing volu me. The conference room will house a laptop for presentations. A laptop was chosen for this room because employees to do work at home will utilize it. The Dell Laptop will have the following options:366 MHz Pentium II Processor128 MB RAM6.4GB Hard Drive3 COM 10/100 PC Card56K Voice/Fax ModemDVD-ROM8MB Video CardExternal Zip DriveVGA TV AdapterThe LAN room will house a color laser printer to be utilized by all employees. The need assessment suggests that the Hewlett Packard Color LaserJet 8500N would satisfy the requirements of B B. The network equipment will be housed in the LAN room indicated on the floor plan. That equipment will consist of a Dell Power Edge 1300 Server with modem and router with the following options:450 MHz Pentium II Processor512K internal L2 Cache512MB ECC 100MHz SDRAM3 COM 3C980 10/100 PCI Adapter3 COM 56K Modem36GB Hard Drive3.5 Floppy DriveDVD-ROMInternal Zip DriveThe hard drive in the server will be partitioned into a public working drive and a back up dr ive. The last item to be installed in the LAN room will be the hub. A Netgear 16 port auto 10/100 Mbs switched hub is the choice. This 16 port hub will allow for expansion should the need arise to put another node(s) on the network. In the event that expansion grows beyond the 16 port hub, a smaller hub may be added for minimal cost and effort. .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 , .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .postImageUrl , .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 , .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577:hover , .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577:visited , .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577:active { border:0!important; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577:active , .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577 .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u143ddf0cc8b128fdb3626706b2fb4577:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: International Business Machines Corporation EssayQty Hardware Nomenclature Unit Price Total Price 4 Dell Desktops Workstations 2189.90 8759.604 HP LaserJet 4000N 1399.89 5599.56 1 Dell Laptop 1905.95 1905.951 HP Color LaserJet 8500N 6359.95 6359.951 Dell Power Edge 1300 Server 3199.99 3199.991 Netgear Switched Hub 929.99 929.99 Total cost of hardware 26,755.04Windows NT is the operating system of choice. Its cost is figured into the desktop workstations, as each comes with a user license. Administrative needs call for Microsoft Office 2000 Premium Edition consisting of Word, Excel, Power Point, Outlook, and Access. Graphic needs call for a number of different programs. The chosen software is described in the following. Adobe GraphicStudio is a package that contains Photoshop for print work, Illustrator 5.0 for detailed artwork to print, and PageMaker for business documents. Bryce 4 was chosen for it 3D graphic capability. Paint Shop Pro 5 was chosen for its graphic editing quality. And lastly, Norton Anti-Virus for updated virus protection. Software estimates are as follows:Qty Software Nomenclature Unit Price Total Price 5 Microsoft Office 2000 649.95 3249.755 Adobe GraphicsStudio 949.00 3796.005 Bryce 4 199.95 799.805 Paint Shop Pro 79.95 319.80 Total cost of software 8165.35The network overall will cost approximately $37,000.00. This figure is based on new state of the art equipment and software. Every item has been carefully examined to ensure it offers the most for the needs of Barrett Barrett. Cost may be cut if the need arises, however, efficiency and technology will be sacrificed. All in all, this network has been developed with the sole pur pose of satisfying the clients needs within realistic constraints. Computers Essays

Masters in Business Management

Question: What is the procedure of benchmarking a business? Answer: Petuskiene and Glinskiene (2015) have stated that benchmarking a business is a procedure of measuring the performance against similar-sized business in the operating industry. It can be stated that the benchmarking provides essential information regarding how an organization can enhance the overall business. Therefore, it can be opined that benchmarking is a dimension of the superiority of the company rules, products, approaches and programs along with their strong contrast with the standard dimensions or comparable measurements of its peers. Rolstadas (2012) has mentioned the objectives of the benchmarking and the first one is to decide what and where the developments are called for and secondly to investigate how other companies accomplish their elevated performance levels. Most importantly, benchmarking is largely used to use this information in order to enhance performance. Zhu (2014) has mentioned in his research work that benchmarking is one of the procedures of recognizing the best practices in sole relation to both the product as well as the processes by which those products are created and delivered. In this part, it can be stated that the application of benchmarking takes into account four major keys steps and these are like thoughtful in detail existing commerce procedure and then evaluating the industry procedures of others. The third step takes into account comparing own business presentation with that of others analyzed and the last step focuses on implementing the steps necessary to close the performance gap. Therefore, it can be stated that all the companies are required to focus on benchmarking, as this enhances the performance by recognizing as well as applying the best demonstrated practices to the operations and the sales (Productivity Commission 2012). Rolstadas (2013) has stated that Six Sigma is an inclusive as well as elastic scheme for attaining, supporting as well as improving the business success. It can be stated that the six sigma model is exclusively determined by a close understanding of the consumer requirements, regulation use of the facts, statistics as well as statistical analysis and industrious attention towards managing, improving as well as reinventing the entire business procedure. Therefore, it can be stated that the Six Sigma procedure is based on the notion that procedure difference can be reduced utilizing the statistical tools. Apart from discussing this Six Sigma, it can be stated that it is required to focus on lean as well because this is the major part of this methodology. It can be stated that lean is a set of tools developed in order to reduce the waste connected with the flow of the resources as well as information in a well-designed process from beginning towards the end. However, it can be stated th at the objective of lean is to recognize and eliminate the non-essential and non-valued added steps in the business procedure in order to streamline production, enhance quality as well as increase consumer faithfulness (Hong et al. 2012). Bruneel et al. (2012) have argued that Lean methods can be employed inside the DMAIC structure to supplement Six Sigma apparatus when the projects concentration is to enhance process speed and competence. Therefore, in a nutshell, it can be stated that the Lean Six Sigma is a proper combination of the two influential procedure enhancement techniques and these are lean and Six Sigma. After analyzing the nature of the Lean Six Sigma, it can be stated that Lean Six Sigma methodology is one of the effective and integrated approach to the business problem solving. It can be seen that the Lean and Six Sigma model is useful for the companies in order to achieve the breakthroughs in the quality and the cost reduction. It is helpful in reducing as well eliminating time-based inefficiencies in the transactional processes. It is beneficial in achieving both the bottom line and the soft cost savings. It is required to communicate the worth of the Lean Six Sigma procedure developments to put on buy-in from the higher administration and the employees. Moreover, it has been seen that used Lean and Six Sigma model helps the organizations to overcome the barriers to process optimization (Mousa 2013). Research works have stated that Lean Six Sigma is generally intended to enhance the superiority of the procedure outputs by searching and eliminating the reasons of mistakes and the difference inside the existing commerce procedure, especially in the manufacturing and the commerce divisions. Therefore, it can be stated that this allows the businesses to make sure proper efficiency in their procedures, decrease cycle times and enhance customer service. This particular approach has two major points. The first one is delighting the customers with speed and quality. The other one in this part is improving the entire business process flow and speeds (Hilton and Sohal 2012). Antony et al. (2012) have mentioned in his research work that lean is a production procedure with the major principle of protecting worth with less work. Therefore, it can be stated that operations that fall short to generate worth for the end customer are estimated extravagant. Eliminating waste and surplus procedures reduce the entire creation time of the company and the overall costs. It can be stated that the strengths of lean is its fast accomplishment and the immediate benefits related to the productivity, reduction of error along with customer lead times. In case of the small and the big organizations, long-standing benefits count enhancements to the financial performance along with the customer satisfaction and morale of the employees. Besides lean, Six Sigma concentrates on defects from variation. Many leading and the successful companies like Motorola uses Six Sigma model (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). Additionally, it can be stated that Six Sigma model is one of the powerful techniques for searching the main reasons of the imperfections. Motorola has developed realistic ways to utilize this hypothesis of Six Sigma for achieving 10-fold improvement in quality, cost and the services in the five years. Six Sigma is an association arrangement for the overall and the continuous improvement that takes into account Champions, Black Belts and the Green Belts. Properly mixed with a focus on emphasizing projects based on the financial and the customer impact, Six Sigma can easily convert a culture through incessant enhancement (Fadly Habidin and Mohd Yusof 2013). It can be stated that in the recent years, most of the big companies have been successfully using Six Sigma Methodology in order to decrease the overall mistakes along with extreme cycle times, disorganized procedures and the overruns of costs connected to the monetary reporting schemes. In this part, focus would be shed on a case study that is related to the ongoing Account Reconciliation Enhancement Project conducted by the finance subdivision of a main U.S. defense supplier. The major aim of the scheme was to rationalize as well as stabilize the establishment and the upholding of costing and planning for all business activities within the present financial management procedure. The Six Sigma accomplishment resulted in an important lessening in the standard cycle time and cost, per unit of movement and required to manufacture the requisite economic reports (Assarlind et al. 2013). Reports state the fact that in the year 1987, Motorola was one of the leading companies that developed and prearranged the particular Six Sigma development Methodology to gain the world class presentation along with entire consumer satisfaction and quality. From that specified time, it can be seen that minimum 25% of the Fortune 200, counting Motorola, General Electric, Boeing, Ford, Toyota, Kodak. Bank of America and some other leading organizations implemented a Six Sigma Program. After implementing this model in the organizational procedure, most of these companies claimed that this model significantly enhanced the overall profitability of the organization. For example, it can be stated the General Electric in the year 1998, claimed the reimbursement of $1.2 billion and the costs of $450 million, for their net benefits of $750 million. Like General Electric, Allied Signal as well reported that the Six Sigma model has reported that this has been one of the major factors in reaching the cost of $1.5 billion in the predictable investments. Six Sigma has as well facilitated Honeywell to decrease the expansion time requisite to the design Web sites by 84% for its specialty resources (Manville et al. 2012). However, Habidin and Yusof (2012) have stated that the Six Sigma has been defined as one of the effective management strategy for enhancing the product and the process quality. On the other hand, some have stated the fact that it is a numerical term mostly used to measure the process variations and this model works to systematically manage the variations and at the same time eliminate the defects. It is required to mention that practical prop up places like economics, bookkeeping, human resources, marketing, procurement as well as trade have not kept proper pace with the manufacturing in implementing the Six Sigma agendas. After implementing this model in the business process, it can be stated that near about 14% of the public dealing companies have inefficient interior controls that results in output errors, inefficient process and the cost overruns (De Mast and Lokkerbol 2012). The research paper has stated that the Six Sigma is used in the Sales and Marketing and Accounting and Finance and the result is positive enough in this regards. However, it can be stated that most of the research works have tried to assess the impact of Six Sigma on the overall financial performance that have taken place at the aggregate industry level of analyzes. But in reality, it can be seen that very few actual cases have been reported of the impact of Six Sigma on the finance process itself (De Mast and Lokkerbol 2012). At the core of the Six Sigma Model, there exist a model named DMAIC and these are Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control. It can be stated that each of the DMAIC phases has clear objectives as well as tasks along with the proven techniques. From several reports, it has already been found that Six Sigma model originated from Motorola and after that, several companies adopted this model called General Electric. In this part focus would be shed on implementing Six Sigma in the small scale businesses. The company was plagued with declining productivity and to deal with the situation carefully, the management of the company used the DMAIC model that divided the project in the following parts (Habidin and Yusof 2012). The define phrase is self-explanatory and in this phase, the project team created a process map and SIPOC diagram, i.e. Supplier, Input, Process, Output and Consumers for the bushing manufacturing process. The next stage, which is the Measure phrase, the management team of the company gathers data regarding the process. This procedure is not as much straightforward as it looks though. Initially, the management of the corporation required to ensure that one can trust the fetched data by conducting a measurement system analysis. After this Measure phase, comes the Analysis phase and the responsible team then applied a variety of data analysis instruments, utilizing Minitab Statistical Software. For that, firstly, it is required to conduct a process capability analysis and the other effective tool is Z.bench score. At the time of incorporating this model, it is necessary enough to understand the culture of the organization. It is required to analyze that the employees in the organizatio n are whether individualistic or collaborative (Assarlind et al. 2013). Apart from that, it is necessary to gain more clarity with the software tools, as the homegrown or something like Minitab helps a company to analyze the graphs challenges statistically. Some have advised that it is required to commit the necessary times, staffs and the resources. In order to do that, the company is required to point a person inside the organization who has a specified strategic viewpoint on the concerned business. Above all, it can be stated that focus must be on the customers, as any improvement process is designed to enhance the customer satisfaction (Rolstadas 2012). Based on the benchmark, the company is required to focus on incorporating the Lean Six Sigma Model for the overall enhancement of the business process. References Antony, J., Krishan, N., Cullen, D. and Kumar, M., 2012. Lean Six Sigma for higher education institutions (HEIs) Challenges, barriers, success factors, tools/techniques.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,61(8), pp.940-948. Assarlind, M., Gremyr, I. and Bckman, K., 2013. Multi-faceted views on a Lean Six Sigma application.International Journal of Quality Reliability Management,30(4), pp.387-402. Bruneel, J., Ratinho, T., Clarysse, B. and Groen, A., 2012. The Evolution of Business Incubators: Comparing demand and supply of business incubation services across different incubator generations.Technovation,32(2), pp.110-121. De Mast, J. and Lokkerbol, J., 2012. An analysis of the Six Sigma DMAIC method from the perspective of problem solving.International Journal of Production Economics,139(2), pp.604-614. Fadly Habidin, N. and Mohd Yusof, S.R., 2013. Critical success factors of Lean Six Sigma for the Malaysian automotive industry.International Journal of Lean Six Sigma,4(1), pp.60-82. Habidin, N.F. and Yusof, S.M., 2012. Relationship between lean six sigma, environmental management systems, and organizational performance in the Malaysian automotive industry.International Journal of Automotive Technology,13(7), pp.1119-1125. Hilton, R.J. and Sohal, A., 2012. A conceptual model for the successful deployment of Lean Six Sigma.International Journal of Quality Reliability Management,29(1), pp.54-70. Hong, P., Hong, S.W., Jungbae Roh, J. and Park, K., 2012. Evolving benchmarking practices: a review for research perspectives.Benchmarking: An International Journal,19(4/5), pp.444-462. Manville, G., Greatbanks, R., Krishnasamy, R. and Parker, D.W., 2012. Critical success factors for Lean Six Sigma programmes: a view from middle management.International Journal of Quality Reliability Management,29(1), pp.7-20. Mousa, A., 2013. Lean six sigma Model.International journal of Scientific Engineering research,4(5), pp.1154-1162. Petuskiene, E. and Glinskiene, R., 2015. Entrepreneurship as the basic element for the successful employment of benchmarking and business innovations.Engineering Economics,22(1), pp.69-77. Productivity Commission, 2012. Performance benchmarking of Australian business regulation: planning, zoning and development assessments.SSRN Working Paper Series. Pyzdek, T. and Keller, P.A., 2014.The six sigma handbook(p. 25). McGraw-Hill Education. Rolstadas, A. ed., 2012.Performance management: A business process benchmarking approach. Springer Science Business Media. Rolstadas, A. ed., 2013.Benchmarkingtheory and practice. Springer. Zhu, J., 2014.Quantitative models for performance evaluation and benchmarking: data envelopment analysis with spreadsheets(Vol. 213). Springer.

The Missing Evening Essays - Ghost Whisperer,

The Missing Evening He was always punctual, at least for his own agenda. Each evening Jim would run through the forest just for fun. This summer night was no exception. The night had grown dark but he was not worried, for he knew the woods well. He sped across an old beaten path and glided over rotten old fallen trees. The damp air was wonderful, he thought, because he could run and never get too hot, and if he kept running hed never get too cold. This forest was made mostly of pine trees, and the needles put a bounce in the young boys step and kept him cheerful. At the clearing he stopped, as he always did, and rested upon a large rock and observed the inky-black sky. This was his favorite spot, his secret spot. Stars shined far brighter here then they did in town, and Jim always felt like he could stay forever. He sighed, and pulled his arms behind his head and stretched out his legs. For some reason this night he was especially relaxed. Either school letting out last week or just one of those giddy days, he didnt know. It is a wonderful day to be alive. After looking into the sky for a few minutes he saw a falling star. It shimmered for merely a moment and went out. Then another came, and another, and after a dozen or so he sat up and beamed, awed by the glowing sky. It seemed that just above him there was a whole meteor shower, purely for his delight. They fell straight down and glowed longer then Jim had ever seen before. Soon the whole clearing was shining a bright white, like on Forth of July. The dozens became hundreds until finally a large radiant circle seemed to be coming straight down above Jim. He let out a sharp little scream of excitement and sprang from the rock, twirling around and around singing to himself as he always did when he was really cheerful. It was another minute before he realized that they werent meteors anymore, but actually the colorful bottom of a spaceship. He stepped back slowly, alert but unafraid. Slowly the craft hovered toward the widest part of the clearing and fell to the earth. Jim stood erect now, excited or scared he didnt know, but he was going to know which it was before he did anything. He decided it must be excitement. And anyway, I couldnt just leave. He told himself. The intense light faded away, and by moonlight Jim walked around the small spaceship. The wings of the craft were torn up. Wires leaped forth from the tears and melted plastic had oozed out and hardened, creating an elliptical half baked purple pancake covering the crafts exterior. The black tinted windows had small cracks throughout. The only orifice was a small door underneath the ship. Jim bent his knees, ducked his head and tugged at the door. He yanked hard and ended up falling onto the moist earth. The door had opened, and a plume of powder emerged blanketing the boy with grey dust. After rubbing his eyes and brushing his pants off as was his habit, he stood once again, poked his head into the ship and peered about the hull. The air was still filled with more gray dust, and Jim couldnt make out a thing. He pushed himself up into the ship despite the discomfort of the dust and explored. Everything was smooth: the walls, the floor, the door, everything. Jim felt the wall until he came to another small door. Pushing it aside, he stepped into this dark room. It was damp and terribly musty. A faint tussling sound moved toward Jim. Still undaunted, the young boy flung his arms in front of himself and crawled blindly toward the queer sound. Ah! Jim clung into his hand and screamed. Something had bitten his arm. He rubbed his hand but it was no use. Jim whimpered, hes whole left arm now throbbing. He pitched on the hard cold floor until he faintly made out the opening from where he had entered this pitch-dark appalling room. As he put forth his

How to Write a Concept Paper on Infection

How to Write a Concept Paper on Infection Concept Paper on Infection Purpose of a concept paper on infection How to start the paper How to write the thesis statement How to write the introduction Tips on how to write the introduction and thesis How to write body paragraphs Tips on body writing How to finish the essay Tips on conclusion writing Tips on revision Outline sample Concept paper on Infection (Sample) Purpose of writing a concept paper on infection Concept papers, alternatively known as proposals, are summaries of issues or projects that mirror the interests, expertise, and experience of the writer or organization. Concept papers are written with the purpose of providing a detailed discussion of a subject that the writer firmly believes in, usually with the intention of acquiring funding for that specific project. The phrases â€Å"proposal† and â€Å"concept paper† are often utilized interchangeably because they serve the same purpose. Concept papers can further be utilized as instructional tools that have developed from extensive research, outcomes of a current project, or a committee input. Added to offering guidance for the execution of a program, such papers can also discuss philosophies, best practices, and other related matters that the writer strongly believes in. How to start the paper As you start composing your concept paper on Infection, make sure your chosen topic adheres to the assignment requirements. Carefully go over your topic and ask your instructor for feedback whenever you feel uncertain. Choose a topic that genuinely interests you. It might seem rather obvious, but choosing a topic that you are truly interested in makes the research process more engaging and fun. Upon the selection of your desired topic, conduct extensive research; this is advantageous as it helps you build your chosen topic or alter it in ways that are more fitting. Even though conducting extensive research seems like additional work, it is an advantageous and a time-saving step. Upon the completion of the steps mentioned above, you can now start off your essay by composing an introduction (your paper’s first section which identifies where and how your mission and the funder’s mission align or intersect). After composing your introduction, you will then compose your pape r’s body-paragraphs, which are your paper’s building blocks as they represent distinct logical steps within your whole argument. Lastly, once you have successfully composed your body-paragraphs, you will compose your conclusion which summarizes your paper and states its significance. How to write the thesis statement After choosing your topic and sorting your ideas into relevant categories, you must then create your thesis. Your thesis statement is written in aims of telling your reader what your paper’s main point is. Your thesis statement will be separated into two sections. The first section will state your topic whereas the second section will state your paper’s main point. A perfect, standard place to assert your thesis is at the end of your introductory paragraph. Readers normally find theses there; therefore, they pay special attention when reading your introduction’s last sentence. How to write the introduction The introduction, your paper’s first section should incorporate some information concerning the funding agency. Here, you must reveal that you have conducted extensive research and you now fully understand the funding agency’s mission and the kinds of projects supported by them. You then need to identify the agency represented by you and how its mission and the funding agency’s mission mesh. Tips on how to write the introduction and thesis Start off broad then narrow down: Concisely describe your concept paper then narrow down to your particular focus. State the importance and aims: Show your paper’s importance and say what you desire to attain. Keep your introduction short: Try and avoid long introductions. Ensure your thesis is focused and specific. How to write body paragraphs The body paragraphs of your perfect paper will explain your topic. Each body paragraph contains the same structure. As your introductory sentence, begin by writing one of your key ideas. Next, in sentence form, write your supporting ideas but leave four to five lines which you will fill with detailed examples to support your position. Fill these spaces with reasonable information which will link your ideas together. Tips on body writing Begin with a clear topic sentence. Incorporate supporting detail and specific evidence. Cohesion and unity. Transitions between your sentences and your paragraphs must be seamless. A concluding sentence that successfully ties everything together and closes the paragraph. How to finish the essay Your conclusion summarizes and wraps up your overall ideas, all the while giving a final standpoint on your topic. Your conclusion is composed of three to five sentences. Compose your conclusion by reviewing your main points and providing reinforcements of your thesis. Tips on conclusion writing Make it brief. Use your introduction as your guide. Do not add any new information here. Summarize your paper. Make any necessary or beneficial disclaimers. Tips on revision Check En Dashes, Hyphens, and Em Dashes. Mixing up En dashes (–), Hyphens (-), and Em dashes (- ) is easy as they all look alike. Thoroughly check your document for every instance of dash usage and pay attention to hyphenated phrases. Check spelling: Check your word processor’s language setting and ensure the language is consistent throughout. Check headings and formatting: Ensure they are formatted consistently. Check for grammar and syntax errors. Ensure spelling and capitalizations are consistent. Outline sample I. Introduction Sentence capturing your reader’s interest One-Two sentence declaration (thesis statement) II. Body Paragraphs Objectives and Goals/Research Questions Timelines and Methodology Anticipated Outcomes/Benefits III. Conclusion Costs and support needed Concept Paper on Infection (Sample) I. Introduction Nairobi took a major hit when the main clinic went on strike due to a cholera outbreak. As an individual who regularly visits the clinic for my dialysis, I was disgusted by the clinic’s unkempt state, sewage flowing into the facility, and the overall untidiness of our main clinical facility, which I believe contributed to the cholera outbreak. II. Body paragraphs 1st body-paragraph Truth be told, nobody takes a town that cannot handle its waste disposal and waste management seriously. If one wants his/her local authority to remain strong, he/she cannot issue mandates from a flood of overflowing sewage and empty medicine boxes. I believe I can be of great assistance in helping Nairobi’s main clinic regain its authority. With assistance from my crew, we will jointly weather the insults, break strike lines, and ensure our clinical facility is spotless. 2nd body paragraph First, my crew and I will hit the commonly utilized areas – the consultation room, the hallways and elevators, the wards, and the kitchen area – and then shift to the lesser-utilized areas like the pharmacy and storerooms. Our licensed cleaners and trash haulers will clear out the sewage and move the trash to a landfill in neighboring Mombasa, where it will be properly disposed. 3rd body paragraph Upon the completion of the cleaning process, we will ensure the facility remains spotless during the strike. We will even go further and collect the remnants left by daily protestors. Nobody feels comfortable walking through empty Styrofoam cups and dropped picket signs. Once the hospital strike ends, we will stop our interim services and allow the hospital sanitation to resume its duties. III. Conclusion For this beneficial and timely service, we are only asking for a nominal $3000 fee weekly. This is less compared to what the clinic spends on its sanitation services. In return, my crew and I will provide the tidiest, cleanest facility seen by the city since the strike began. As a regular patient at the clinic for my weekly scheduled dialysis and a local business owner, the cholera outbreak has greatly affected me along with other patients. I would be highly honored to make our main clinical facility clean again.

Strategies to Motivate Employees in an Organisation Research Paper

Strategies to Motivate Employees in an Organisation - Research Paper Example This paper illustrates that in the corporate world, the need for motivation cannot be undermined. One of the things that facilitate operations in an organization is the drive which can either be intrinsic or extrinsic. In the work setting, the human resource management is tasked with ensuring the employees are highly motivated if good performance and pleasant results are to be achieved. The strategy to use in order to raise and maintain high levels of motivations amongst workers has always been a great challenge for most organization managers. The management gets into a dilemma when they seek to achieve high motivation amongst the workers while at the same time they pursue to incur the lowest possible cost. It is a great challenge to find the best strategies that can minimize the number of financial resources a firm spends to keep the employees highly motivated. Stress that comes from work is some of the many factors that demotivate employees leading to an economic downturn. Managers , therefore, are required to strategize on how well the workers can be rejuvenated so they may perform best. It is not always motivation in the form of monetary gains that works best for employees. According to Holden and Overmier, non-monetary schemes have been equally found to impact positively as a stimulus to the employees. Other than the financial grants, an organization can resort to using intangible rewards such as recognition, affirmation among others to motivate its employees. Pension schemes are some of the strategies that are currently grounding as a rewarding initiative that can be used to motivate workers. Conversely, myriad arguments have come up about the effectiveness of these non-monetary reward strategies. Do they enthuse and stir employees to deliver high performance? The research attempts to respond to these concerns and show how best employees can be stimulated to work passionately to drive the organization towards meeting its objective. The results will be an e ye-opener concerning how best staff can be motivated.

Introduction to British Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Introduction to British Politics - Essay Example Conservatives have never been known to support universal health care. The reluctance of the Conservative party to support an efficient and public funded healthcare system remains one of its major criticisms. Conservatism in Britain is also associated with staunch nationalism and the concept of â€Å"one-nation†. The Tory party’s attempts to rejuvenate its electoral prospects have taken the form of party brochures and propaganda literature. The â€Å"Renewing One Nation† campaign under the leadership of Stanley Kalms may not have persuaded the electorate, but it nevertheless brought to light the other recurrent theme of Conservative ideology in Britain – that of its links with Christian organizations. Even if official Conservative rhetoric makes mention of the virtues of separating State and Church, it is one of the open secrets in British polity that the Conservative Party patronizes Christian faith and at elections expects a return favour. This explains w hy the Tories have failed to win the trust of the growing numbers of religious and ethnic minorities in the country (Coxall & Robins, 2003). Yet, in spite of the apparent rigidity in Conservative ideology, the party has shown some flexibility at crucial junctures in the nation’s history. While the â€Å"one nation† policy and its attendant policies of social reform and limited economic planning were significant factors in the Tories’ consistent electoral success for most part of the twentieth century, the party’s policy framework had also shown signs of malleability: â€Å"When Winston Churchill lost power in 1945, he quickly called on people such as Rab Butler to devise an inclusive, socially reformist postwar policy agenda. The result was a drastically reduced Labour majority in 1950 and a Tory election victory in 1951. In the two subsequent elections, the Conservatives, led by men who believed in the partys national

Lab report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Lab report - Essay Example The results shows the values for Lethal Concentration 50 and Lethal Dose 50. From the table of Lethal Concentration 50, Ammonium nitrate is the most lethal most dangerous of the four compounds. This is because the compound has the lowest value and this means that it becomes lethal at lower concentration that the other compounds. the conclusion is valid because of measures that consider data on a uniform scale. All measures are with respects to rat and inhalation and this provides equal base for measuring effectiveness of the compounds. Sodium chloride is the next dangerous compound as it becomes lethal, to cause 50 percent deaths, at 42 ppm. Larger concentrations, more than 1000 ppm are however required for carbon tetra chloride and hydrofluoric acid and this means that the two compounds are less dangerous with respect to the test animal. The observation can therefore be inferred to other animals to the conclusion that, with respect to Lethal Concentration, Ammonium nitrate is the mo st dangerous of the compounds followed by sodium chloride. Data on lethal dose 50 however identifies the least value with sodium chloride, 3 mg/kg, and this means that the compound is the most dangerous of the four. Hydrofluoric acid follows this with a value of 25 mg/kg. carbon tetrachloride and Ammonium Nitrate however have very high values that indicates lower toxixity. The conclusion is further reliable, based on the data, because measures are taken on the same scale, in relation to a single animal species, and in relation to similar delivery mode. A difference is however noted in the trend of toxicity of the four compounds. while values for Lethal Cconcentration 50 identifies Ammonium nitrate as the most dangerous followed by sodium chloride, values of Lethal Dose 50 identifies sodium chloride as the most dangerous followed by hydrofluoric acit. A possible explanation to the

Managing Time And People Commerce Essay

Managing Time And People Commerce Essay Planning is essential in creating a new venture. This task remains principally on the entrepreneur starting the business. A good entrepreneur needs to have a variety of skills in order to be successful. SimVenture which is a business simulation game, is a good way of practising these skills. Indeed, teaching entrepreneurial and business skills is one of the main purposes of SimVenture, by allowing the users to create and run their own virtual company. SimVenture also gives the opportunity to learn how to make efficient decisions in all the different sectors of a business including marketing, human resources, operations, finance, and more. As a business administration student and perhaps future entrepreneur, it is fundamental to understand how to successfully operate a company and to practice and deal with diverse skills. I have learned many lessons by using that simulation and many of these will definitely be useful in my future life and enhance my knowledge and personal development. Three of the main that I have learned are how to manage time and people, how to develop a business model, and how to research and analyse the market. Managing time and people Firstly, managing time and people has been a crucial lesson that I have learned using SimVenture. An entrepreneurs most important and most difficult job is to manage these two components. The first component of the business that has to be well managed is people. Starting a business is not only a one person deal, in the contrary, well developed and directed teams are behind most of the most successful business start-up. Indeed, developing strong entrepreneurial teams are key to a well functioning venture. It is the entrepreneurs task to find individuals that can offer knowledge, experience, skills, and, thus, add up a to the social capital of their company. Furthermore, once the good ones are chosen, employees have to be motivated, leaded, inspired, and encouraged in order to be efficient and to increase their commitment to the company. With SimVenture, I have learned that this process is crucial for a business, because choosing inefficient or unsuitable employees can increase remarkably its costs. Also, the simulation taught me that not only choosing the best candidate is important, but especially giving them the job position in concordance with what they are the best in. The second component of the venture that has to be greatly managed is time. Effectiveness, productivity, and efficiency, are aspects that can be excessively increased if time is managed correctly. Especially during the business start-up process, at every step of it, time should be spent on elements that are really relevant for the creation of the company. SimVenture clearly showed that time can really be an issue in a company as time management was one on the main problems that my team and I had while using the simulation. Sometimes employees were spending time idle, and some other times, they were not able to finish their task due to lack of time. In the future, I will know that time is the component of a business that is probably the most essential to be well managed in order to be successful. Developing a business model Secondly, creating a business model has been an essential lesson that I have learned with SimVenture. Building a business model can be a very long and difficult process, because it is a complex, precise, and specific task. However, it is indispensable for a new venture to develop an effective one because it is the heart of a company. Management writer Joan Magretta defined a business model as the story that explains how an enterprise works (Casadesus-Masanell and RicartÂÂ  , 2011). Being part of a business strategy, a business model is used to represent core aspects of a venture. A business model can be separated in five main features. The first section is understanding the customers and their purchase decision. A customer in a purchase decision process will pass through some stages before buying a product or service. He will research information, seek value, evaluate alternative, and assess value before making any decision. Using the simulation, I learned that understanding the customers that are in the target market can greatly benefit the company in making products in concordance with their needs. Also, through SimVenture, I realized that customers are the wheels of the business and that it is primordial to make decisions in relation to them. The second feature of a business model is the value proposition, or the benefits that customers gain. It is very important for a company to understand and be aware of what their customers gain and benefit from their products or services. Developing a value proposition relies on analysing qualitative and quantitative aspects and finding a way to be different from competitors by knowing who they are and what they do. The value proposition is used to attract customers and ensure the companys financial healthiness. The third part of a business model is the architecture of the business. That feature describes the structure and the organisation of the company. It also defines how the venture creates and distributes its products and services. The business architecture discusses whether there is a market or not for what the company is selling, by analysing the external environment such as geography. All these different components are put together to create value for the customers. Using SimVenture, it was a challenge to make efficient decisions because all the features of the business and the target market were to be taken in account. The fourth section is the revenue model of the business. Its goal is for the company to find a profitable way to deliver great value to their customers and satisfying their needs. In other words, by doing better than its competitors, the venture has to manage its costs and expenses in order to increase its return on investments. Pricing is also an important aspect of that stage, indeed the price should be fixed so that it is high enough to make profit but not too high for the sales to decrease. Furthermore, the company has to decide which revenue mechanism will be adopted and how the benefits will be delivered to their customers. SimVenture taught me that it is essential to have a great knowledge of our costs and expenses in order to fix the price of the product at a profitable level. The fifth feature of the business model is the strategic direction. The strategic direction is how the organization strategy will be achieve and which actions will be in place to do so. It demonstrate the position that the venture is planning to take over its competitors in a long term view. It is also a projection of where the business wants to be in a certain amount of years. Using SimVenture, I have learned that the strategic plan of the business is always to be kept in mind if you want the long term objectives to be achieved. In the simulation, I would have made different decisions than my team. In my opinion, we were thinking too much about the present month and not enough of the future of the venture. Researching and analysing the market Thirdly, researching and analysing the market has been a crucial lesson that I have learned with SimVenture. The market analysis is essential to be done at the starting point of every new venture. It allows the entrepreneur to know more about the global environment of its business. The market analysis is extremely important because it helps define the nature of the business and the remainder of the plan. [] Similarly, the more a start-up understands the needs of its target market, the more it can match its product attributes to those needs (Barringer, 2009). Indeed, the venture will have to segment the market and select a target market. The market segmentation is the process of dividing a market into distinct subsets (or segments) that behave in the same way or have similar needs (Barringer, 2009). As the market segmentation was already done in SimVenture, nothing was learned from that section. Before selecting a target market, the company should research and study the size and the trends of the different market segments. This is critical because a good selection will allow the business to be successful in terms of profit and sales growth. With SimVenture, I have learned that selecting the best market segment is one of the most important things, because if you dont make a good selection, keeping a financially healthy company can be problematic in the future. I had difficulty selecting the appropriate target market for the business. Therefore, what I have learned from that for the future is that a deeper research and analysis of the market and of the segments should be done in order to make the best decision possible. Conclusion To conclude, through SimVenture, I have learned many important lessons including managing time and people, creating a business model, and researching and analysing the market. The simulation made me aware that a business can face many difficulties and that the entrepreneur needs the knowledge and the ability to make the best decision according to any situations that can occur. Running my own business for a few weeks has definitely helped me in my personal development, because I would now feel more confident and experienced if, in the future, I would decide to start my own company.

Advertising - Selling a Lot More than Just a Product Essay -- Adverts,

Advertisements for various products are seen everywhere — on billboards, in magazines, on television, and countless other places. What draws the consumer into the advertisement — the actual product, the display of the sensual woman as she drinks a glass of milk, or the muscular man sporting a Ralph Lauren blanket as a loincloth? These types of advertisements display unlikely depictions of men and women to society. Today, advertisers use the influence of gender and sex to sell various products to consumers, resulting in unrealistic expectations of men and women to society. According to Vernon Fryburger, author of the book The New Age of Advertising, â€Å"The most important job for advertising is to â€Å"make a sale† for a product or a service, and to do so it must clearly establish a rapport with its audience, which means that it must consciously stay within relatively narrow bounds of acceptability in terms of language, visualizations, and general background and frame of reference† (15). Advertisers use many different strategies to sell their products to consumers. They spend over 200 billion dollars per year attempting to get the attention of consumers and to influence their decisions. An average person views 250 advertisements every day and over two million advertisements by the time they are twenty-five years of age (Baran 278). When advertisers are working on campaigns, they think about what the consumer wants and needs to see in order to purchase the product. More often than not, attractive, seductive-looking individuals are chosen for ads (Percy and Rossiter 1-5). When advertisers are preparing ad campaigns, they will usually discuss women and men can be profitably pictured (Goffman 25). An example of how ad... ... World of Advertising. Chicago: Crain Books, 1975. Goffman, Erving. Gender Advertisements. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard U.P., 1979. Griffiths, Merris. â€Å"Craig, R. Stephen (1992): ‘The Effect of Television Day Part on Gender Portrayals in Television Commercials: A Content Analysis.’† Internet, 2001. http://www.aber.ac.uk/education/Resdeg/merris09.html. Kahle, Lynn R., Larry Chiagouris, editors. Values, Lifestyles, and Psychographics. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997. Meyers, William. The Image-Makers: Power and Persuasion on Madison Avenue. New York: The New York Times Book, 1984. Moog, Carol, Ph. D. â€Å"Are They Selling Her Lips?†: Advertising and Identity. New York: William Morrow, 1990. Percy, Larry, John R. Rossiter. Advertising Strategy: A Communication Theory Approach. New York: Praeger, 1980.

English Composition Final Exam

Topic Three Recommendations to decrease violent juvenile crime range from see-through school bags to confiscating guns, eliminating violent video games, altering local news coverage, and changing the way parents teach their children esteem for others. Imagine that you are an advisor to the President of the United States and you have been asked to write a policy speech in which you lay out a series of feasible initiatives for reducing violent crime by juveniles.In recent years, juvenile crime has risen to an alarming level. The average age of a violent crime offender has decreased in the last generation, and every state is prone to the devastating impact of youth violence. The average age of murder victims of a youth offender is fourteen years of age. It is time for adults to act to reduce youth violence (Office of the Commission and Families 2014). The crimes committed are the same. The only change is the age of the offender.The starting point to reducing youth violence is evidence-b ased practices. Proven programs have shown to reduce delinquency and recidivism, substance use or antisocial behavior in at least two trials by using a strong research design. Proven Strategies have shown through meta- analysis Of scientifically credible evaluations to reduce recidivism. Rumoring Programs have shown to reduce delinquency and recidivism, substance use or antisocial behavior by using a strong research design, but outcomes have not yet been replicated.Proven programs, such as the National Guard Youth ChalleNGe Program, must have at least one negative outcome that is changed by 20% or more for the better. The study design must use a convincing comparison group randomized-control trial or some quasi-experimental designs. The sample size of the evaluation must exceed 30 in both the treatment and comparison groups, and must be publicly available. Promising programs, such as Be Proud! Be Responsible! , must have more than a 1% change in the outcome.The study must have a com parison group, but it may exhibit some weaknesses, such as, the groups lack comparability on pre- existing variables or the analysis does not employ appropriate statistical controls. The sample size of the evaluation must exceed 10 in both the treatment and comparison groups, and must be publicly available. There is no all-encompassing approach to preventing youth violence. However, communities can help reduce youth violence by developing a city-wide tragedy that combines prevention, intervention, treatment, and re-entry strategies.Prevention begins with parents being parents. Children have enough peers. What they need is guidance from a stable adult. Some parents are trying to relive their childhood through their children by being more of a friend and less of a parent. This is where the respect for elders is broken down, leading to violence. Intervention is where the parent chooses to grow up before the child. The parent must reiterate respectful behaviors towards others, giving an ultimatum, but also giving support to help make the better sections. Treatment comes in many forms.

Employee Turnover Rate In Tourism And Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay Essays

Employee Turnover Rate In Tourism And Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay Essays Employee Turnover Rate In Tourism And Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay Essay Employee Turnover Rate In Tourism And Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay Essay Harmonizing to the World Travel and Tourism Council ( WTTC ) , the touristry and cordial reception industry represents one of the most of import sectors of the planetary economic system, which contributes a US $ 6 trillion concern that employs over 230 million people and a important part of the universe s work force. In other word, human resource considered one of the most of import resources of the modern-day touristry and cordial reception industry. The labor back uping a broad scope of occupations in many different service sectors, for case hotels and eating houses line, subject park and amusement attractive forces. Personal service is indispensable to presenting merchandises and service to fulfill clients particularly those served in front line, for illustration servers, heads, receptionists, etc. Since the concern range is emphasis the clients contact all over the clip, the deficiency of work force may take the industry in problem. 2.2 The research jobs In fact, the modern-day touristry and cordial reception industry is confronting a HR crisis where the labour turnover rate is comparatively higher than other industry. The majority of service occupations tend to be impermanent, held by the people with no calling aspirations in touristry and no committedness to the industry. ( ) That is no uncertainty that the modern-day touristry and cordial reception industry offers occupation chances for the young person, adult females and less advantaged groups in society. Other than recruitment jobs, employee turnover may do by employee retirement, decease, unwellness or disablement, surrender, organisation retrenchment or expiration. The grounds why employees resign may be evitable where they may see unjust intervention, hapless leading, or deficiency of challenge. Otherwise they leave from an organisation with ineluctable grounds, for illustration immigrate to another province or state, return to university every bit good as serious unwellness . ( ) Employees may besides go forth an organisation because of dissatisfaction to the on the job conditions, wage and benefit, preparation and development, the work force diverseness issues, and other possible issue. Consequently, a elaborate turnover analysis of why employees leave a cordial reception organisation is meaningful to get at benchmark patterns on covering with the operational and administrative challenges the high degree of staff turnover. This research information would stand for the factors that influence staffs keeping or leave from their occupation in this industry. Furthermore, it helps cordial reception trade organisations generate schemes to minimise staff turnover rate yet increase staffs keeping by the agencies of heightening enlisting policy, occupation satisfaction, organisational committedness and eventually quality of service. 3.0 RESEARCH QUESTIONS What cause employees leave the organisations within touristry and cordial reception industry? What are the effects of high staff turnover to the related service sector organisations? What disciplinary action should be taken to undertake high employees turnover rate in specify sector? Research AIMS The purpose of this survey is to place the grounds of high staffs turnover in touristry and cordial reception industry. Further, this survey seeks to analyze the impacts of high employee turnover to the organisations in the industry and how organisations tackle this challenge. 4.1RESEARCH Aim To analyze the grounds of high employee turnover rate in touristry and cordial reception sector To measure the effects of high employee turnover in an touristry and cordial reception organisation To measure how organisations satisfy the employees in order to work out the job of high employee turnover in touristry and cordial reception sector 5.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 5.1 RESEARCH DESIGN Each method, tool or technique has its alone strength and failing. ( ) To guarantee the cogency and reliable of this survey, descriptive research design is used since the research jobs is non a new issue and had been sought by old research workers. ( ) Descriptive research is designed to depict features of a population or a phenomenon, where in this research, is to depict the features of the labour turnover within the touristry and cordial reception industry. Further, it may assist to analyze the ways that may cut down such phenomenon. Therefore, this research will be based on quantitative methods. Quantitative method will be undertaken by distribute study questionnaires to a big figure of respondents in order to obtain accurate information and bettering determination devising. ( ) Deductive research is the logical procedure of deducing a decision from a known general premiss. ( ) Deductive research has been used in this research to prove hypothesizes whether certain factors may act upon labours surrender and whether high turnover rate would take touristry or cordial reception organisation into certain quandary. Cross sectional surveies method besides will be used to carry on this survey because the continuance to carry on the research is limited. 5.2 UNIVERSE OF POPULATION The population selected to carry on this survey will be the employees who engaged in the touristry and cordial reception organisations that is high labour turnover rate, for illustration touristry attractive forces like Genting Highlands and certain hotels every bit good as eating houses in Malaysia. 5.3 Sampling Design: 5.3.1 SAMPLE SIZE To carry on this research, the selected sample size will be 200 employees within the touristry and cordial reception in Malaysia. 5.3.2 SAMPLE APPROACHES Since it is hard to seek the people who experience high labour turnover rate even surrender in the touristry and cordial reception organisations, the research are undertaken by snowball sample. Snowball sample is one of the non-probability samples that selects the initial respondents by chance sample and so obtained the extra respondents by referral from initial respondents. The advantages of utilizing snowball sample are economical and do convenience to the research worker every bit good as respondents. With this attack, this survey can conducted by makes initial interview with the little group and so utilize these to set up contacts with other relevant employees to reply the designed questionnaires. 5.4 RESEARCH METHOD Secondary informations such as diaries, text edition, newspapers and website articles besides will be utilized when carry through this research. In wide footings, the questionnaires for study intent are designed with closed and open-ended inquiries. The inquiries designed expect to present the grounds of high employee turnover rate together with its effects to the organisations within touristry and cordial reception industry. 6.0 DATA ANALYSIS The informations obtained from study methods will be analyzed by utilizing SPSS VS.18.0 per window. It is used to obtain the descriptive statistic like frequences, mean and standard divergences that reveals the result of the research job. 7.0 TIME SCALE GANTT CHART November 2010 December 2010 January 2011 February 2011 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Research Questions 1.2 Research Aims Rationale of the research chosen Chapter 2: Literature Reappraisal Chapter 3: Research Methods 3.1 Secondary informations 3.2 Focus group 3.3 Case surveies 3.4 Survey questionnaires Chapter 4: Datas Analysis and Findingss Chapter 5: Decision and Discussion Binding of Dissertation

A Simple Guide to Global Climate Change

A Simple Guide to Global Climate Change A discussion of global climate change, also called global warming, can get very complicated very quickly. Fortunately, it can be explained rather simply. Here are the basics you need to know about climate change: Warmer Land and Sea The climate has warmed and cooled many times during Earth’s geological history, over millions of years. However, the global increase in mean temperature we have observed in the last decades has been both unusually rapid and quite large. It translates to warmer  air  temperatures and warmer sea water almost everywhere on Earth. Less Ice, LessSnow This increase in temperatures has led to increased melting of most of the world’s glaciers. In addition, the thick  Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets are losing volume, and sea ice covers an increasingly small portion of the Arctic while also getting thinner. The winter snow cover in most areas of the U.S. is thinner and does not last as long over the winter. Sea levels are rising, both because of the melting ice, and because warmer water expands and takes up more space. Less Predictable Weather While the word climate refers to long-term statistics on many aspects of temperature and precipitation, weather is a more immediate phenomenon, and is what we feel outside everyday. Global climate change is transforming our experience of weather events in different ways depending on where we live. Common changes include more frequent heavy rain events, regular winter thaws, or persistent droughts. All About the Greenhouse Effect Human activities release in the atmosphere many gases that create a greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases hold back the sun’s energy that had been reflected by Earth’s surface. This heat is then redirected towards the ground, increasing temperatures. Most of the observed warming can be attributed to these gases. How Are Greenhouse Gas Produced? The most important greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide and methane. They are released when we extract, process, and burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas for electricity, manufacturing, and transportation. These gases are also produced during industrial activities, when we clear land for housing and farming, and during some agricultural activities. Are Sun Cycles to Blame? The Earth’s surface temperature rises and falls with slight changes during natural sun cycles. However, these solar cycles and the changes they produce are well understood and much less significant than those driven by greenhouse gases. Global Warming Consequences The consequences of global warming include more frequent coastal flooding, heat waves, extreme precipitation events, food insecurity, and urban vulnerability. The global warming consequences are being felt (and will be felt) differently in different parts of the world. Global climate change often affects more those who do not have the economic means to develop ways to adapt to the changes. Of course, climate change affect not only humans but the rest of the living world as well.   Global warming has few positive consequences. Gains in agricultural production, often cited as positive, are easily offset by increases in pest problems (including invasive species), droughts, and severe weather events. We can respond by mitigating global warming, which is to reduce it by curbing greenhouse gas emissions. We can also capture carbon dioxide, the most abundant greenhouse gas, out of the atmosphere and store it safely on earth. We can, in addition, adapt by investing in infrastructure, transportation, and agriculture in order to continue living with the inevitable changes brought by global warming.    What Can You Do? Most importantly, reduce your greenhouse gas emissions, whether you contribute as an individual or as a business owner.

Scotland and Saudi Arabia Nations Population Census Records Research Paper

Scotland and Saudi Arabia Nations Population Census Records - Research Paper Example To build pyramids, the Egyptian government would conduct a census so as to plan for people to be involved besides the need to redistribute land due to the yearly flooding of river Nile. Censuses can be traced back to the times when Romans and Greeks would do this task even before Christ was born. Men in the empire of Rome would be ordered to return to their places of origin so that the exercise would be undertaken. (ons.gov.uk, 2008) This study is set out to discuss the nations of Scotland and Saudi Arabia with a specific focus on population census records. A comparison will be done and the befitting answer to the various tasks will be provided regarding this. In every scenario, Scottish census records will be looked at first before proceeding to Saudi Arabia. The information from the displayed table may be of help to private researchers who may want to determine the average number of persons each family has in Scotland and also determine the trends in the changes of family size to tell whether they are diminishing, stagnated or increasing in terms of persons per household. This information would also be important to other stakeholders like the Health Ministry to come up with conclusions on family planning issues. Table 2 could be used by civil servants to count on the dependency ratio, the number of people in the labor force and those with sustainable sources of income. This would also be helpful to the government to determine the number of drugs, food, and other essential resources to distribute as well as future prospects on the labor force. This would be useful to private researchers where they may want to determine aggregate expenditure in households.  

Older People, Dementia & Policy in Scotland Essay

Older People, Dementia & Policy in Scotland - Essay Example It is becoming clear from both public debates and academic and policy maker discourse in the UK that many older people (i.e., those over the age of 65 years) much prefer to live their lives within their own homes. With aid from family and friends, an aggregate of the senior community seek to maintain their autonomy, independence and active well being (Audit Commission 5). However, a number of errors have been found in the reporting of expenditure of public care services, and these are attributed to the nature and parameter of service delivery across different areas of the UK. For example, evening and weekend home care in most areas, whilst others are consistently unable to receive night home care. Further, home-care workers trained in mental health were only available in 7 of 58 areas in a national study. Also, many older persons and their informal carers have not received additional support from community care agencies, as do older persons and trained carers within hospitals and nur sing homes. In the future, older people with mental health problems are to receive an equally good response regardless of where they live. This is one of the ways by which government and volunteer agencies seek to develop home-centered care, and to support informal carers and service users (Audit Commission 32). Equality and Diversity A feminist approach to the ethical care within social work for the older person is of recent intense focus in discourse. This school of thought encourages the professional social worker to actively reflect on concepts of social justice, autonomy and human rights, as well as extending investigation in to how aging is understood (Lolyd 1171).

MANAGEMENT REPORT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

MANAGEMENT REPORT - Assignment Example The revenue from the natural resource makes the country rich. That is why the country has seen a sustained economic growth in last few years even though the rest of the world was suffering from global financial crisis. For years Qatar was among the fastest growing economy, but from the crisis period in 2008 it is among the top three countries in terms of the growth of GDP. The positive economic scenario allows the banking sector of Qatar to grow. Qatar is the place where the eastern sides meet western people. Apart from the domestic business houses, the hydrocarbon economy has attracted many foreign investors to invest in Qatar, Kerbaj (2006). The contribution of Petroleum is 70% of the government revenue, 85% of the export earning and more than 60% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country. According to Shachmurove (2009) a very interesting fact about Qatar is that, there is no income tax for Qatari and GCC nationals. However, it is not a tax free country. Taxes are being collected from business houses, corporate and foreign investor. That is why the banking system in Qatar is bit different from the rest of the world. The apex bank of the country is Central Bank of Qatar. Many commercial bank and foreign banks are operating in the territory of the country. The banking system of Qatar is secure, well financed and well regulated. Regular banking services like, retail banking, corporate banking, branch banking, online banking, mobile banking, credit and debit facilities are available from the bank. Hasim & Chaker (2009) argued that, like in other parts of the world Qatar is also bending towards using new technologies in the banking system such as online banking and telephonic banking as these instruments have made banking easier and accessible. Elsamadisy et al. (2013) argued that, the banking scenario has seen a big change during the pre and post global financial crisis. The monetary policies and other banking policies

Critical evaluation - John Steinbeck-Of Mice and Men and Robert Ludlum-The Bourne Identity Essay Example for Free

Critical evaluation John Steinbeck-Of Mice and Men and Robert Ludlum-The Bourne Identity Essay Through the history of man; mathematicians, philosophers, teachers, and scientists have molded and shaped our world. These men and women, young and old, are responsible for the continually growing knowledge in todays youth. Upon studying the most influential educators, it was proven that writers and authors sustain every element of the society we live; love, passion, romance, adventure, drama, science fiction, and non-fiction. All of these categories exist for only one purpose, to entertain the minds who absorb the material. Entertaining authors make an exceptional story and none other than Robert Ludlum and John Steinbeck accomplish this feat better. In order to further understand these authors thirst to provide edge-of-the-seat entertainment, their past and present must be explored. Although these authors lived in two diverse locations, their driving desire for knowledge appears the same. Ludlum and Steinbeck attended college after high school, majoring in English. After graduating from Salinas High School in 1919, Steinbeck attended Stanford University from 1920-1925. Two years after Steinbeck left to pursue his writing career in New York, Robert Ludlum was born on May 25, 1927. Ludlum was educated privately and at the Chesire Academy, Connecticut. After appearing is school theatricals, he acted in the comedy Junior Miss on Broadway at the age of sixteen. His degree includes: B.A., Wesleyan University, Middletown, 1951. Having never graduated from Stanford University, Steinbecks life for the most part was low profile even after the publishing of his first books, Cup of Gold (1929), The Pastures of Heaven and To a God Unknown, which were all inadequately acknowledged by the literary world. Tortilla Flat (1935) was the noticeable turning point in Steinbecks literary career receiving the California Commonwealth Clubs Gold Medal for best novel. Steinbeck continued writing, and The Grapes of Wrath (1939) won him the Pulitzer Prize. The Nobel Prize was awarded to John Steinbeck for Literature in 1962 for his realistic as well as imaginative writings, distinguished by a sympathetic humor and a keen social perception. 1 Twenty-nine Academy Award nominations and four Academy Awards were given for revision of John Steinbecks stories. Literature lost one of its most accomplished and distinguished writers on December 20, 1968, in New York City; John Steinbeck died at the age of 66. However, on a more positive note, New York City was also the place where literature bore Robert Ludlum. Ludlum can be described as a modern day author. He is a well-known author writing twenty-one novels and selling over 290 million books in thirty-two different languages. Ludlum started his literary career relatively late because he was working in 1. Mobel Lectures; literature 1901-4967 the theatre as an actor and producer. One of the primary reasons Ludlum is such a suspenseful writer is due to the fact that he was born in an age where movies grabbed the attention of the public eye. In the 1950s, Ludlum worked as a stage and television actor. After producing 300 stage productions for New York and regional theatre, Ludlum wrote his first novel, The Scarlatti Inheritance (1971). Few writers are able to grasp global attention using unbelievable plots that spin into engrossing tales. John Steinbeck and Robert Ludlum are comparable writers. These two authors are very accomplished and their novels reputations speak for themselves. John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men and Robert Ludlums The Bourne Identity are the focus of this evaluation. Their works signify literary techniques that contribute to theme. The central theme in Of Mice and Men written by John Steinbeck: human fates are constantly controlled by outside forces. The techniques he uses for example: repetition and symbolism are extremely successful in getting across his very cynical views on this theme. Similar techniques are used in Robert Ludlums The Bourne Identity. Uniquely writing; many of Ludlums techniques are present in his writing, but the reader is too engrossed in the story to recognize them. However, Ludlum writes meticulously in his story plots. When evaluated, the reader can distinguish that repetition and symbolism are also used as literary techniques that contribute to theme. Steinbeck and Ludlum use the technique of repetition to effectively build up the climax of the tragedy. In Of Mice and Men, Lennie unintentionally killed his mouse when petting it. This situation repeats itself further in the novel when Slim gives Lennie a puppy. When playing with the animal, Lennie gave the puppy a disciplining thump for biting him and he killed it. An incident, such as this, will be the downfall of George and Lennie. Near the end of the novel, Lennie strokes Curleys wifes hair. He holds too tightly and she gets frightened. Lennie was in a panic. 2 Climaxing, he attempts to quiet her, Dont you go yellin, he said, and he shook her, and her body flopped like a fish. And then she was still, for Lennie had broken her neck. 2 The repetition of unintentional death foreshadows a negative outcome for Lennie, his sealed fate. This action brought upon his own murder by George who shot him in the back of the head out of mercy for everything else that was weak and helpless. In this act of violence, George would not be considered a murderer, in fact, quite the opposite. George, instead, would be deemed a savor because he did Lennie a favor. 2. Steinbeck; 91 The Bourne Identity uses repetition in a similar fashion. The central character Jason Bourne faces memory loss, crippling him from discovering his true identity. His instincts and intelligence help guide him. The quote: You are not helpless. You will find your way. 3 is repeated on several occasions, which foreshadows success on Jasons behalf. Jasons rhetorical behavior when faced with stressful and difficult situations ends in same violent manner. Bourne grabbed the Frenchman in front of him now, his left arm around the mans throat, his right hand tearing at the mans left ear. 4 Without thinking, Jason reacts to the situation with poise and precision. Jasons rhetorical skills evoke his memory enough to enable him to think and act on his own to avoid death or capture. Whenever you observe a stress-and you have the time-do your damndest to project into it. Associate as freely as you can; let words and images fill your mind. In them you may find clues. 5 This quote is nearly repeated again, Whenever youre in a stress situation-and theres time, of course-do exactly as you would when you project yourself into one youre observing. Let your mind fall free, let whatever thoughts and images that surface come cleanly. Try not to exercise any mental discipline. Be a sponge; concentrate on everything and nothing. Specifics may come to you, certain repressed conduits electricity prodded into functioning. 6 except there is added tactics, which suggests that Jason is constantly learning. Through repetition Jason persistently advances his skills to obtain his past by varying his appearance, Change your hairyou change your face. 7 Soon after his skills advanced, Jason learned that his real name is David Webb who turns out as a young Far East scholar. Webb received a new identity from the Central intelligence (CIA) as Jason Bourne, a black ops agent. His primary objective was to kill Carlos, another far more advanced assassin, but was betrayed. As the plot twists, the CIA has given Jason quite a few hoops to jump through for his own survival. The climax builds to this particular moment in the novel, when Jason reverses the situation and uses the training the CIA gave him to kill the assassin Carlos. The climax appears to have truth because not only has Jason stopped being on the defensive side of this live or die game, but also his proficient skills have drawn him to his past profession to kill or be killed; fate. The interfering CIA has lost control of Bourne; however he is drawn back to his past line of work, which could result in death, so he ultimately loses. It could be said that Jason Bourne was born to be a professional assassin under anyones control. 3. Ludlum; 39, 43, 83 4. Ludlum; 64 5. Ludlum; 50 6. Ludlum; 82 7. Ludlum; 116, 161 Another technique that demonstrates John Steinbecks view of fate is the symbolism. Near the end of the novel, A watersnake glided smoothly up the pool, twisting its periscope head from side to side, and it swam the length of the pool and came to the legs of a motionless heron that stood in the shallows. A silent head and beak lanced down and plucked it out by the head, and the beak swallowed the little snake while its tail waved frantically. 8 The heron, stationary and patient, symbolizes fate, while the watersnake, vulnerable and unaware, its victim. The watersnake would most likely symbolize George. Not only does the Heron symbolize fate, it also symbolizes Lennie the burden to their dream. Steinbeck illustrates his view on fate once more by word choice. Words like lanced, plucked, and waiting suggest that Steinbeck believes that fate strikes assertively and specifically. Similarly, Robert Ludlum uses symbolism to project the same idea. Symbolism appears not as evident as repetition; however, present nonetheless. The CIA seems to be the entity or government corporation that symbolizes fate. Every element in the novel can be drawn back to something that the CIA has caused. Ludlum and Steinbeck believe fate to be all the same. In Ludlums case, the CIAs intricate plans and organized operations parallel Steinbecks idea that fate acts in the same manner, assertively and specifically. Of Mice and Men and The Bourne Identity are literally written in identical fashions. Steinbeck and Ludlum use character driven dialogue to tell the story. The point-of-views transpose between first person (the main characters) and third person (the narrator). The first person prospective uniquely projects to the reader each of the character thoughts and actions. The first person prospective gives a clear understanding of what exactly will happen, without all of the excess narration. However, the narration does an excellent job in describing the setting among other elements, such as flow between events. The events or chapters are present in both novels. Ludlum uses three books within his novel along with thirty five chapters because The Bourne Identity is far longer than the six chapters Of Mice and Men. This technique is apparent for the sole purpose of changing locations in the story with ease; in The Bourne Identity Jason and his companion travel to different countries, and in Of Mice and Men the only change of location appears within the town and ranch. These two books were written very similarly. Both switched between first and third person depending on what the best way to tell the story was. By changing point of views, Ludlum and Steinbeck were able to develop their themes more thoroughly. The technique of changing perspectives allowed the reader to identify with the main characters, but at the same time, know vital information that would be needed to understand the story. 8. Steinbeck; 99 Robert Ludlum and John Steinbeck are exceptional authors. There novels: The Bourne Identity and Of Mice and Men, respectively, have Robert Lattas praise. Woohoo, right? There are more positive, than negative, statements to be discussed. Particularly, Ludlums story is far more intriguing than Steinbecks. The plot and characters all are attention getters. The idea that a man with no memory has instincts that are above any normal man, and has answers to every question, except his name, is fascinating. The only downfall to Ludlums work appears to be the length of his novel, five hundred some odd pages, that turns out to be a lot of reading time. Steinbecks novel length; however, fits the taste well, only one hundred some pages. The olden story in Steinbecks novel, gets negative feedback because its entire plot stimulated nothing more than closing eye lids. Praising the literary device of repetition, this gave some indication that what was being read over again would prove useful in assembling a critical evaluation essay. The repetition also forces the information into your brain, meaning it holds significance. Moreover, the theme portrayed among these two novels had some relevance with our current lives, which also served another purpose to reading them Overall, the novels ended up balancing one another. A positive recommendation can be made for both these novels because something can be learned. WORKS CITED Lectures, Mobel. The Nobel Prize in Literature 1962. [online] http://www.nobel.se/literature/laureates/1962/press.html Ludlum, Robert. The Bourne Identity. New York: Richard Marek, 1975 Steinbeck, John. Of Mice and Men. New York: Penguin Books, 1978